Welfare receipt misreporting in survey data and its consequences for state dependence estimates: new insights from linked administrative and survey data

Journal for Labour Market Research

Table 9 Individual and household characteristics across the linked and unlinked sample (means)

	Linked sample (N = 21,999)	Unlinked sample (N = 10,099)
Age in years	43.63	42.93***
Male	0.43	0.47***
Low education	0.33	0.33
Intermediate education	0.49	0.43***
High education	0.17	0.24***
Health restrictions	0.27	0.24***
Migration background	0.20	0.24***
Partner	0.60	0.65***
Child < 2 years	0.04	0.06***
Child 2 to 3 years	0.07	0.08
Child 4 to 6 years	0.12	0.12
Child 7 to 16 years	0.35	0.32**
Local unemployment rate (annual average)	7.80	7.26***
Living in East Germany	0.27	0.22***
Subsample 2	0.44	0.47*

The linked sample describes our final sample for the analysis and estimation (N = 21,999). The unlinked sample consists of individuals without consent to data linkage or who were not identified in the administrative data. To make the sample comparable to our estimation sample, observations from wave 1, pensioners and young people (< 25 years), pupils, students, civil servants, individuals incapable of working and self-employed were removed from the sample. Asterisks ***/**/* denote significantly different means between both groups at the significance level of 0.001/0.01/0.05 levels
Source: Source: PASS_0614_v1