All | Graduates | Non-graduates | Natives | Immigrants | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | (13) | (14) | (15) | |
Total | Between | Within | Total | Between | Within | Total | Between | Within | Total | Between | Within | Total | Between | Within | |
1979–2012 | |||||||||||||||
Bottom | 3.5 | − 8.9 | 12.4 | 3.9 | 3.1 | 0.8 | − 0.4 | − 12.0 | 11.6 | 0.6 | − 10.1 | 10.7 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 1.7 |
Middle | − 19.3 | − 7.2 | − 12.0 | 9.0 | 8.3 | 0.7 | − 28.3 | − 15.5 | − 12.7 | − 20.6 | − 10.3 | − 10.4 | 1.4 | 3.0 | − 1.7 |
Top | 15.8 | 16.2 | − 0.4 | 15.0 | 16.6 | − 1.5 | 0.7 | − 0.4 | 1.2 | 11.9 | 12.3 | − 0.4 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 0.0 |
1979–1989 | |||||||||||||||
Bottom | 0.9 | − 2.2 | 3.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.5 | − 2.6 | 3.1 | 0.6 | − 2.2 | 2.8 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.3 |
Middle | − 5.9 | − 1.3 | − 4.5 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.1 | − 7.1 | − 2.4 | − 4.6 | − 5.5 | − 1.5 | − 4.0 | − 0.4 | 0.1 | − 0.6 |
Top | 5.0 | 3.6 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | − 0.1 | 2.6 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 4.4 | 3.2 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
1989–1999 | |||||||||||||||
Bottom | 1.0 | − 4.2 | 5.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | − 0.4 | 0.7 | − 4.9 | 5.6 | 0.9 | − 4.1 | 5.0 | 0.1 | − 0.1 | 0.3 |
Middle | − 6.6 | − 2.4 | − 4.2 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 0.7 | − 10.2 | − 5.4 | − 4.8 | − 6.4 | − 2.7 | − 3.7 | − 0.2 | 0.3 | − 0.5 |
Top | 5.6 | 6.6 | − 1.1 | 6.2 | 6.4 | − 0.3 | − 0.6 | 0.2 | − 0.8 | 4.6 | 6.0 | − 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.2 |
1999–2009 | |||||||||||||||
Bottom | 0.3 | − 3.0 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 1.1 | − 1.5 | − 3.7 | 2.2 | − 1.6 | − 4.2 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 0.7 |
Middle | − 4.9 | − 1.4 | − 3.5 | 2.6 | 2.7 | − 0.2 | − 7.5 | − 4.1 | − 3.3 | − 6.6 | − 3.2 | − 3.3 | 1.7 | 1.8 | − 0.2 |
Top | 4.6 | 4.3 | 0.2 | 4.5 | 5.4 | − 0.9 | 0.1 | − 1.0 | 1.1 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 2.1 | − 0.5 |