| |
All
|
Graduates
|
Non-graduates
|
Natives
|
Immigrants
|
|---|
|
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
(11)
|
(12)
|
(13)
|
(14)
|
(15)
|
|---|
|
Total
|
Between
|
Within
|
Total
|
Between
|
Within
|
Total
|
Between
|
Within
|
Total
|
Between
|
Within
|
Total
|
Between
|
Within
|
|---|
|
1979–2012
|
|
Bottom
|
3.5
|
− 8.9
|
12.4
|
3.9
|
3.1
|
0.8
|
− 0.4
|
− 12.0
|
11.6
|
0.6
|
− 10.1
|
10.7
|
2.9
|
1.2
|
1.7
|
|
Middle
|
− 19.3
|
− 7.2
|
− 12.0
|
9.0
|
8.3
|
0.7
|
− 28.3
|
− 15.5
|
− 12.7
|
− 20.6
|
− 10.3
|
− 10.4
|
1.4
|
3.0
|
− 1.7
|
|
Top
|
15.8
|
16.2
|
− 0.4
|
15.0
|
16.6
|
− 1.5
|
0.7
|
− 0.4
|
1.2
|
11.9
|
12.3
|
− 0.4
|
3.8
|
3.9
|
0.0
|
|
1979–1989
|
|
Bottom
|
0.9
|
− 2.2
|
3.1
|
0.3
|
0.4
|
0.0
|
0.5
|
− 2.6
|
3.1
|
0.6
|
− 2.2
|
2.8
|
0.3
|
0.0
|
0.3
|
|
Middle
|
− 5.9
|
− 1.3
|
− 4.5
|
1.2
|
1.1
|
0.1
|
− 7.1
|
− 2.4
|
− 4.6
|
− 5.5
|
− 1.5
|
− 4.0
|
− 0.4
|
0.1
|
− 0.6
|
|
Top
|
5.0
|
3.6
|
1.4
|
2.4
|
2.5
|
− 0.1
|
2.6
|
1.1
|
1.5
|
4.4
|
3.2
|
1.2
|
0.6
|
0.4
|
0.3
|
|
1989–1999
|
|
Bottom
|
1.0
|
− 4.2
|
5.2
|
0.3
|
0.7
|
− 0.4
|
0.7
|
− 4.9
|
5.6
|
0.9
|
− 4.1
|
5.0
|
0.1
|
− 0.1
|
0.3
|
|
Middle
|
− 6.6
|
− 2.4
|
− 4.2
|
3.6
|
2.9
|
0.7
|
− 10.2
|
− 5.4
|
− 4.8
|
− 6.4
|
− 2.7
|
− 3.7
|
− 0.2
|
0.3
|
− 0.5
|
|
Top
|
5.6
|
6.6
|
− 1.1
|
6.2
|
6.4
|
− 0.3
|
− 0.6
|
0.2
|
− 0.8
|
4.6
|
6.0
|
− 1.3
|
0.9
|
0.7
|
0.2
|
|
1999–2009
|
|
Bottom
|
0.3
|
− 3.0
|
3.3
|
1.8
|
0.7
|
1.1
|
− 1.5
|
− 3.7
|
2.2
|
− 1.6
|
− 4.2
|
2.6
|
1.9
|
1.2
|
0.7
|
|
Middle
|
− 4.9
|
− 1.4
|
− 3.5
|
2.6
|
2.7
|
− 0.2
|
− 7.5
|
− 4.1
|
− 3.3
|
− 6.6
|
− 3.2
|
− 3.3
|
1.7
|
1.8
|
− 0.2
|
|
Top
|
4.6
|
4.3
|
0.2
|
4.5
|
5.4
|
− 0.9
|
0.1
|
− 1.0
|
1.1
|
3.0
|
2.3
|
0.7
|
1.6
|
2.1
|
− 0.5
|
- Results from a shift-share analysis
- The table reports the total by education groups from the shift-share analysis with 48 skill groups. Immigrants are defined as foreign-born workers
