Imbalanced Job Polarization and Skills Mismatch in Europe

Journal for Labour Market Research

Table 2 Results of Single-Equation Models of the SMI and the JPI

{@{{}} p32mm d1.7d{1.2}d1.4}Dep. Var.	SMI	JPI
		vrule height.2pt width87pt depth.2pt
		(1)	(2)
JPI	-0.232
SMI		-0.021	-0.019
EPL	-4.830^{***}
GDP growth	0.126^{*}
log(GDP per capita)		0.587^{**}
Population growth			0.583^{***}
Crisis (2008–09)	1.475^{***}
Aftercrisis (2011–12)		-0.690^{***}	-0.641^{***}
Constant	27.823^{***}	-0.809	0.818^{***}
Random Effects:
Constant	3.008	0.407	0.420
	(0.486)	(0.084)	(0.086)
N	264	264	264
LR test, p-value	0.000	0.000	0.000
Residual ICC	0.512	0.200	0.219
	(0.085)	(0.069)	(0.074)
AIC	1392	684	674
BIC	1417	705	695

\(^{***} p<0.01\), \(^{**} p<0.05\), \(^{*} p<0.10\) EPL is employment protection legislation. Most data on EPL were taken from OECD. EPL data for Estonia (2002–2007) and Slovenia (2002–2007) were taken from Tarvid (2011, p. 96). EPL data for Iceland and Luxembourg in 2002–2007 were set equal to the available data for 2008–2012. EPL data for Sweden in 2005 and 2006 were set equal to the available data in the surrounding years. All other data taken from ILO (2013c). Random effects computed at country-level. Parentheses contain standard errors. ICC is intra-class correlation.