Fig. 5

Average Incidence of Over-/Undereducation in Europe by Sex and Age Group. Source: Authors’ calculations based on ESS data. The figure shows unweighted averages over same countries as in Fig. 4. Countries that have significantly different (as defined in the notes to Fig. 4) skills mismatch incidence from other countries in a round in at least one of four sex–age group pairs are excluded from the calculation of the averages in that round.