Working in gender-dominated occupations and depressive symptoms: findings from the two age cohorts of the lidA study

Journal for Labour Market Research

Table 3 Results of OLS regression analysis with depressive symptoms as dependent variable. (Source: lidA, wave 1, 2011; own calculations)

Women: full-time ^a (N = 1212)	1a	2a	3a	4a	5a	6a^b
Occupational gender segregation
Female-dominated	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Integrated	0.043	0.084**	0.050†	0.057*	0.070*	0.046
Male-dominated	0.074*	0.098**	0.100**	0.077*	0.100**	0.060†
Work stress
Effort-reward ratio		0.353***			0.134**	0.109**
Overcommitment			0.415***		0.236***	0.270***
Work-family conflict				0.396***	0.211***	0.200***
R²	0.005	0.128	0.176	0.161	0.232	0.283
Women: part-time/marginal employment ^a,c (N = 1557)	1b	2b	3b	4b	5b	6b^b
Occupational gender segregation
Female-dominated	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Integrated	− 0.010	0.032	0.020	0.006	0.032	0.030
Male-dominated	0.051†	0.051*	0.073**	0.053*	0.066**	0.057*
Work stress
Effort-reward ratio		0.304***			0.102**	0.087*
Overcommitment			0.381***		0.242***	0.260***
Work-family conflict				0.334***	0.168***	0.154***
R²	0.003	0.090	0.141	0.109	0.174	0.202
Men ^a (N = 2452)	1c	2c	3c	4c	5c	6c^b
Occupational gender segregation
Male-dominated	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Integrated	− 0.008	− 0.000	− 0.022	− 0.027	− 0.021	0.002
Female-dominated	0.021	0.009	0.011	0.017	0.007	0.018
Work stress
Effort-reward ratio		0.372***			0.191***	0.165***
Overcommitment			0.396***		0.216***	0.244***
Work-family conflict				0.360***	0.171***	0.171***
R²	0.002	0.139	0.158	0.131	0.220	0.265

^aModels 1a, 1b to 5a, 5b are adjusted for cohort affiliation
^bModels 6a, 6b are additionally adjusted for cohort affiliation, vocational level, occupational status, employment status, household characteristics and social resources
^cFor women working part-time or in marginal employment all models are adjusted for marginal employment (cf. Appendix, Table 6)
Beta coefficients, †p < 0.1; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001