Table 1 Sample characteristics (N = 5221). (Source: lidA, wave 1, 2011; own calculations)
Women (N = 2769) | Men (N = 2452) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
full-time (N = 1212) | part-time/marginal employment (N = 1557) | ||
Occupational gender segregation | |||
Male-dominated ( ≥ 80 %) (%) | 5.86 | 2.63 | 50.57 |
Female-dominated ( ≥ 80 %) (%) | 28.88 | 38.79 | 4.20 |
Integrated (%) | 65.26 | 58.57 | 45.23 |
Birth year | |||
Born 1959 (%) | 45.46 | 43.16 | 42.82 |
Born 1965 (%) | 54.54 | 56.84 | 57.18 |
Vocational level | |||
No vocational training (%) | 4.74 | 6.53 | 4.40 |
Completed vocational training/education (%) | 58.19 | 65.85 | 54.87 |
Craftsman/craftswoman, technical college (%) | 17.37 | 11.32 | 17.02 |
University of applied sciences degree (%) | 7.32 | 6.92 | 9.86 |
University degree (%) | 12.39 | 9.38 | 13.85 |
Occupational status | |||
Unskilled/semi-skilled blue-collar worker (%) | 8.33 | 10.98 | 11.30 |
Skilled blue-collar worker/craftsman (%) | 2.31 | 2.38 | 24.14 |
White-collar worker (%) | 42.90 | 58.06 | 20.84 |
Qualified white-collar worker (%) | 46.45 | 28.58 | 43.72 |
Work stress | |||
Effort-reward ratio Mean ± SD (range) | 0.52 ± 0.23 (0.25–2.23) | 0.48 ± 0.22 (0.25–2.75) | 0.50 ± 0.21 (0.25–3.14) |
Overcommitment Mean ± SD (range) | 14.28 ± 4.38 (6–24) | 12.97 ± 4.37 (6–24) | 13.32 ± 4.25 (6–24) |
Work- family conflict Mean ± SD (range) | 41.52 ± 28.18 (0–100) | 27.22 ± 26.23 (0–100) | 37.67 ± 28.08 (0–100) |
Household characteristics | |||
Not cohabiting with partner (%) | 31.11 | 16.70 | 17.82 |
Partner working full-time (%) | 56.11 | 74.31 | 25.45 |
Partner working part-time/marginal employment (%) | 2.39 | 2.31 | 41.27 |
Partner not employed (%) | 10.40 | 6.68 | 15.46 |
Children under the age of 14 (%) | 10.31 | 28.71 | 32.71 |
Social Isolation Mean ± SD (range) | 2.32 ± 0.59 (1–4) | 2.33 ± 0.58 (1–4) | 2.35 ± 0.65 (1–4) |
Depressive symptoms Mean ± SD (range) | 21.72 ± 14.25 (0–89) | 22.29 ± 13.97 (0–79) | 18.31 ± 13.09 (0–88) |