Is the labor market vulnerability of less-educated men really about job competition? New insights from the United States

Journal for Labour Market Research

Table 1 Descriptive statistics

	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	Std. deviation
Dependent variables
Unemployment^a	0	1	0.08
Socioeconomic status^b	16	88	41.37	14.69
Independent variables ^c
Less-educated	0	1	0.15
Intermediate-educated	0	1	0.68
High-educated	0	1	0.17
Verbal skills	0	10	5.49	1.95
Parental SES	0	1	0.44
Parental SES missing	0	1	0.18
Entry cohort 1965–1974	0	1	0.27
Entry cohort 1975–1984	0	1	0.35
Entry cohort 1985–1994	0	1	0.29
Entry cohort 1995–1999	0	1	0.09
Age (centered)	−7	5	−0.24	3.31
Married	0	1	0.37
Widowed	0	1	0.00
Divorced	0	1	0.05
Single	0	1	0.58
Number of children	0	6	0.56	0.94
White	0	1	0.80
Black	0	1	0.14
Other race	0	1	0.06
South	0	1	0.16
Other region	0	1	0.84
Unemployment rate	4	9.70	6.26	1.47
Displacement	0.84	2.08	1.29	0.24
Negative cognitive selection	0.46	1.87	1.12	0.35
Discrediting	0.02	0.32	0.16	0.06
Negative social selection	2.35	12.56	5.57	2.51

^aValid N=2339
^bValid N=2139
^cThe descriptive of the independent variables are based on the number of observations of unemployment (N=2339). There are hardly any differences in the distributions when they are based on the individuals with a valid score on SES (N=2139; results available on request)