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Table A.1 Selected firm and workforce characteristics

From: Separating wheat and chaff: age-specific staffing strategies and innovative performance at the firm levelDen Weizen von der Spreu trennen – Altersbezogene Personalpolitik und Innovationen auf der Betriebsebene

 

Innovation (%)

Full (%)

Workforce age shares

Innovation (%)

Full (%)

Workforce size category

   

- less than 3 workers

4.1

15.2

- less than 20 years

2.5

3.0

- 3 to 9 workers

11.6

18.8

- 20 to 24 year

7.1

7.9

- 10 to 49 workers

27.4

27.8

- 25 to 29 years

8.4

8.9

- 50 to 999 workers

46.8

35.2

- 30 to 34 years

13.8

12.8

- 1000 workers or more

10.1

3.0

- 35 to 39 years

16.9

15.6

   

- 40 to 44 years

15.9

15.2

Sector A

  

- 45 to 49 years

13.2

13.6

- A

26.5

13.8

- 50 to 54 years

10.8

11.2

- B

34.5

21.1

- 55 to 59 years

8.4

8.6

- C

13.9

18.2

- 60 years or older

3.1

3.3

- D

10.6

16.2

   

- E

11.0B

12.2

Other characteristics (Yes)

  

- F

≤3.4B

18.4

- Work council?

60.5

53.5

   

- Collective agreement?

60.0

59.8

Year

  

- Good technical equipment?

76.2

66.3

- 2000

41.9

38.8

- East Germany?

46.0

46.3

- 2003

58.1

61.2

   
 

Innovation sample

Full sample

DifferenceC?

Mean

St. dev.

Mean

St. dev.

Workforce size (workers)

367

976

154

681

p=0.000

Employment growth (% of previous year)

7.5

131.1

11.4

228.5

p=0.696

Mean age (years)

40.2

4.3

4.2

6.1

p=0.923

Age-heterogeneity (years)

10.1

2.5

9.3

3.8

p=0.000

Mean tenure (years)

7.0

4.2

7.0

4.5

p=0.965

Academic (share in % of workforce)

12.7

17.7

8.2

16.0

p=0.000

Female (share in % of workforce)

35.7

25.4

43.5

33.3

p=0.000

Part-time (share in % of workforce)

11.0

28.0

22.1

79.6

p=0.001

  1. Notes: Pooled results for the years 1999 and 2003, total N=585 for the sample of establishments that provides information about innovation activities and N=15,891 for the full sample
  2. a (A) chemical, plastics and extraction (B) metal production and structuring, (C) mechanical engineering, vehicle manufacturing and shipping industry, (D) electrical engineering and precision mechanics, (E) paper, textile and food (F) other
  3. b Due to confidentiality issues for the social security data, the exact values cannot be displayed
  4. c Results of a Wald test on the difference between mean values in the full sample as compared to firms with information about innovation activities
  5. Source: Calculations formulated by this study, based on LIAB data