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Table 5 Estimations results (alternative measures of \({\mathrm{diff}}_{\mathrm{ij}}\))

From: Cultural and economic integration of immigrants in Canada: “Do you play Hockey?”

 

OLS

O-Prbit

1

2

3

4

5

6

Imm-lang

Imm-race

Imm-lang-race

Imm-lang

Imm-race

Imm-lang-race

Winter

0.316***

0.331***

0.360***

0.252***

0.264***

0.287***

 

(0.0168)

(0.0170)

(0.0169)

(0.0142)

(0.0143)

(0.0142)

Interaction

0.300***

0.0868

0.255**

0.269***

0.0817

0.227**

 

(0.0969)

(0.0806)

(0.124)

(0.0798)

(0.0671)

(0.0994)

Male

0.692***

0.692***

0.692***

0.574***

0.574***

0.571***

 

(0.00912)

(0.00915)

(0.00923)

(0.00793)

(0.00795)

(0.00796)

Age

0.0506***

0.0542***

0.0547***

0.0459***

0.0488***

0.0490***

 

(0.00130)

(0.00130)

(0.00131)

(0.00114)

(0.00114)

(0.00114)

Educ

0.405***

0.408***

0.404***

0.344***

0.346***

0.342***

 

(0.00353)

(0.00357)

(0.00357)

(0.00340)

(0.00343)

(0.00341)

Size

0.0337***

0.0329***

0.0231***

0.0163***

0.0154***

0.00726**

 

(0.00431)

(0.00434)

(0.00436)

(0.00366)

(0.00367)

(0.00367)

Race

− 0.353***

− 0.294***

 

(0.0139)

(0.0119)

Imm-lang

− 0.378***

− 0.331***

 

(0.0213)

(0.0192)

Lang

-0.349***

-0.313***

 

(0.0214)

(0.0190)

Imm-race

-0.340***

-0.274***

 

(0.0187)

(0.0160)

Imm-lang-race

-0.611***

− 0.521***

 

(0.0223)

(0.0207)

Constant

1.139***

1.070***

1.099***

 

(0.0319)

(0.0320)

(0.0321)

Observations

291,978

291,978

291,978

291,978

291,978

291,978

R2

0.224

0.221

0.215

  1. OLS indicates OLS results, O-Probit indicates Ordered Probit results. Lower-level column names indicate the variable used as \({\mathrm{diff}}_{\mathrm{ij}}\). Standard errors are reported in parentheses. Variables of interest are in bold. Control variables include age, education, gender, household size, race, province and year fixed effects. Survey’s personal-level weights are used in the estimation. Significance at the one, five and ten percent level are indicated by three, two and one asterisks, respectively