Table 4 Odds-ratios of survey participation for COVID-19 related predictors, by model specification and quarter, 2020

Short-time work (Ref.: no short-time work)

 Short-time work

0.782

0.771

1.435

1.020

1.000

1.050

1.259*

1.206

1.449*

(0.121)

(0.122)

(0.380)

(0.093)

(0.094)

(0.159)

(0.138)

(0.138)

(0.260)

Containment-regulations (Ref.: No Containment)

 Containment

0.866

0.874

0.902

0.772

0.715*

0.730

2.149

2.123

2.049

(0.152)

(0.181)

(0.191)

(0.106)

(0.116)

(0.121)

(1.201)

(1.181)

(1.131)

COVID-19 case incidence (Ref.: 1. quartile)

 2. quartile

1.135

1.127

1.124

0.822

0.807

0.808

1.348*

1.196

1.202

(0.179)

(0.202)

(0.201)

(0.098)

(0.110)

(0.109)

(0.167)

(0.183)

(0.184)

 3. quartile

1.064

0.920

0.912

0.887

0.907

0.910

1.163

1.058

1.065

(0.161)

(0.166)

(0.166)

(0.116)

(0.133)

(0.133)

(0.141)

(0.177)

(0.178)

 4. quartile (lowest incidence)

1.172

0.883

0.879

1.048

0.954

0.955

1.159

1.045

1.048

(0.173)

(0.172)

(0.172)

(0.124)

(0.146)

(0.146)

(0.169)

(0.200)

(0.200)

Mobility reduction (Ref.: 1. quartile (most reduction))

 2. quartile

1.108

1.164

1.162

0.914

0.980

0.989

0.906

0.952

0.947

(0.166)

(0.183)

(0.183)

(0.112)

(0.151)

(0.153)

(0.113)

(0.145)

(0.144)

 3. quartile

1.291

1.400*

1.389*

1.024

1.191

1.194

1.075

1.102

1.091

(0.186)

(0.216)

(0.216)

(0.121)

(0.204)

(0.204)

(0.143)

(0.189)

(0.187)

 4. quartile (least reduction/increase)

1.240

1.248

1.240

0.882

1.138

1.149

0.973

1.109

1.103

(0.183)

(0.213)

(0.212)

(0.116)

(0.218)

(0.220)

(0.130)

(0.196)

(0.195)

Industry (Ref.: Agriculture/production)

 Energy/construction/logistic

0.973

1.039

0.742**

0.810

0.718**

0.757*

(0.131)

(0.148)

(0.077)

(0.100)

(0.077)

(0.091)

 Retail/hospitality/entertainment

0.967

1.023

0.944

0.947

0.775*

0.816

(0.176)

(0.200)

(0.135)

(0.171)

(0.099)

(0.121)

 Finance/information/real estate

0.858

0.909

0.887

0.962

1.120

1.236

(0.126)

(0.138)

(0.104)

(0.132)

(0.138)

(0.168)

 Public/educ./health

0.847

0.872

0.767*

0.791

0.766*

0.778

(0.140)

(0.154)

(0.090)

(0.111)

(0.092)

(0.102)

 Other services

0.959

1.089

1.064

1.235

1.024

1.002

(0.160)

(0.205)

(0.137)

(0.203)

(0.136)

(0.149)

Number of employees (Ref.:1-9)

 10–19

1.277

1.306

1.389**

1.192

1.139

1.076

(0.170)

(0.187)

(0.151)

(0.155)

(0.126)

(0.131)

 20–49

1.173

1.280*

1.420***

1.320**

1.432***

1.516***

(0.127)

(0.151)

(0.118)

(0.131)

(0.123)

(0.143)

 50–249

1.515**

1.587**

1.510***

1.374**

1.708***

1.758***

(0.204)

(0.238)

(0.157)

(0.168)

(0.178)

(0.212)

 \(\ge\)250

1.394*

1.406*

1.260*

1.196

1.172

1.176

(0.217)

(0.228)

(0.145)

(0.163)

(0.138)

(0.164)

Industry \(\times\) Short-time work

 Energy/construction/logistic \(\times\) short-time work

0.525

0.771

0.749

(0.212)

(0.176)

(0.194)

 Retail/hospitality/entertainment \(\times\) short-time work

0.571

0.934

0.769

(0.198)

(0.223)

(0.206)

 Finance/information/real estate \(\times\) short-time work

0.620

0.735

0.516*

(0.314)

(0.187)

(0.160)

 Public/educ./health \(\times\) short-time work

0.715

0.982

1.114

(0.344)

(0.256)

(0.425)

 Other services \(\times\) short-time work

0.435*

0.687

1.256

(0.165)

(0.175)

(0.393)

Number of employees \(\times\) short-time work

 10–19 \(\times\) short-time work

0.868

1.556*

1.430

(0.337)

(0.344)

(0.400)

 20–49 \(\times\) short-time work

0.626

1.239

0.795

(0.184)

(0.218)

(0.179)

 50–249 \(\times\) short-time work

0.731

1.308

0.876

(0.239)

(0.279)

(0.209)

 \(\ge\)250 \(\times\) short-time work

0.815

1.114

0.913

(0.352)

(0.241)

(0.218)

Constant

2.554***

1.328

1.258

1.496**

0.855

0.815

1.195

0.943

0.907

(0.365)

(0.400)

(0.380)

(0.199)

(0.249)

(0.239)

(0.170)

(0.285)

(0.275)

Observations

10664

10664

10664

13122

13122

13122

12794

12794

12794

Pseudo \(R^{2}\)

0.005

0.029

0.030

0.003

0.027

0.028

0.004

0.025

0.028

AIC

2209738

2155792

2153035

2710562

2647523

2642495

2679979

2622335

2616723

BIC

2209804

2156069

2153377

2710629

2647807

2642847

2680046

2622618

2617073