Table 1 Summary statistics.

Log(hourly wages)

2.678

0.525

2.677

0.504

2.569

0.430

2.604

0.444

Years of education (unadjusted)

12.488

2.561

12.226

2.711

10.097

2.250

11.034

2.421

Years of education (adjusted)

12.488

2.561

12.226

2.711

9.967

2.442

15.762

3.690

Males

0.543

0.498

0.564

0.495

0.728

0.444

0.550

0.497

Married

0.668

0.470

0.555

0.496

0.887

0.316

0.807

0.394

Age

42.266

10.498

36.192

10.512

39.544

9.574

42.641

9.611

Years since migration

–

–

35.541

10.770

18.814

8.569

18.710

9.587

Year of arrival

–

–

1974

8.273

1984

11.921

1987

14.122

Experience with current firms

10.894

9.762

7.875

8.115

8.809

7.940

8.972

8.240

Good German language skills

–

–

0.988

0.106

0.624

0.484

0.777

0.416

Qualifications

 No vocational degrees

0.095

0.177

0.572

0.356

 Vocational degrees

0.739

0.671

0.335

0.475

 University degrees

0.166

0.152

0.093

0.169

Establishment size

 Up to 10 workers

0.168

0.167

0.114

0.149

 Up to 20

0.132

0.112

0.099

0.107

Up to 200

0.273

0.244

0.275

0.301

Above 200

0.427

0.477

0.512

0.443

Industry

Agriculture

0.055

0.039

0.094

0.071

 Mining

0.148

0.185

0.303

0.238

 Manufacturing

0.084

0.118

0.141

0.124

 Construction

0.093

0.055

0.072

0.084

 Trade

0.149

0.172

0.152

0.142

 Transport and financial services

0.103

0.106

0.077

0.064

 Public administration

0.145

0.123

0.058

0.097

 Health and Education

0.178

0.163

0.081

0.145

 Private household

0.045

0.039

0.022

0.035

Occupation

 Untrained/Semi-trained workers

0.138

0.207

0.649

0.476

 Trained workers

0.186

0.164

0.180

0.172

 Trained employees with simple tasks

0.089

0.102

0.027

0.063

 Qualified professionals

0.299

0.281

0.053

0.147

 Highly qualified professionals

0.189

0.171

0.040

0.087

 Civil servants

0.099

0.071

0.051

0.055

Person–year observations

188,065

14,002

4,992

17,808