Measuring the effect of gender segregation on the gender gap in time-related underemployment

Acosta-Ballesteros, Juan; Osorno-del Rosal, María del Pilar; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Olga María

doi:10.1186/s12651-021-00305-0

Journal for Labour Market Research

Table 2 Three-fold decomposition of underemployment gender gap

From: Measuring the effect of gender segregation on the gender gap in time-related underemployment

Variable	Endowments			Coefficients			Interaction			Total
Variable	Contribution	SE	%Gap	Contribution	SE	%Gap	Contribution	SE	%Gap	%Gap
Educational attainment	0.0073**	0.00314	− 18.9	0.0053**	0.00218	− 13.8	− 0.0061***	0.00364	15.7	− 17.0
Student	0.0003*	0.00018	− 0.9	0.0001	0.00007	− 0.2	− 0.0003	0.00024	0.9	− 0.2
Time to complete studies	− 0.0001***	0.00004	0.3	− 0.0003**	0.00012	0.7	0.0001	0.00006	− 0.2	0.8
Age	− 0.0021***	0.00004	5.4	− 0.0001*	0.00005	0.2	− 0.0052*	0.00029	13.4	19.0
Live with parents	0.0016***	0.00054	− 4.2	0.0019**	0.00078	− 4.8	− 0.0018*	0.00072	4.8	− 4.2
Live in couple	0.0006	0.00063	− 1.7	− 0.0006*	0.00033	1.5	0.0019*	0.00087	− 4.8	− 5.0
Children under 16	− 0.0003	0.00047	0.7	0.0006	0.00049	− 1.6	− 0.0011	0.00072	2.8	1.9
Non− Spanish	− 0.0009***	0.00012	2.4	0.0009	0.00057	− 2.3	− 0.0001	0.00015	0.2	0.3
Gender segregation	− 0.0453***	0.00355	117.0	− 0.0146***	0.0032	37.8	0.0217***	0.00473	− 56.2	98.6
Professional status	− 0.0028***	0.00038	7.3	− 0.0041***	0.00091	10.7	0.0005**	0.00058	− 1.2	16.8
Recent job	− 0.0008***	0.00022	2.1	− 0.0003	0.0008	0.7	0.0000	0.00026	0.1	2.9
Firm size	− 0.0030***	0.00032	7.7	− 0.0016***	0.00056	4.2	0.0011*	0.00042	− 2.8	9.1
Unemployment rate	− 0.0059***	0.00077	15.1	0.0057	0.01078	− 14.7	− 0.0002**	0.0011	0.6	1.0
NUTS Region	0.0000	0.00001	0.0	0.0000	0.00003	0.1	0.0000	0.00002	− 0.1	0.0
After 2012 reform	− 0.0009***	0.0001	2.2	− 0.0013***	0.00047	3.2	0.0005***	0.00012	− 1.2	4.2
Year	− 0.0003**	0.00012	0.8	0.0005**	0.00022	− 1.2	− 0.0002	0.00016	0.5	0.1
Intercept 1				0.0016	0.00894	− 4.1				− 4.1
Intercept 2				− 0.0025**	0.00102	6.4				6.4
\({\theta }_{\rho }^{M}\)				0.0114***	0.00936	− 29.3				− 29.3
Approximation error	0.0017	0.00441	− 4.4	− 0.0033	0.0046	8.5	0.00199	0.0054	− 5.1	− 1.0
Aggregate	− 0.0506***	0.0037	130.8	− 0.0007	0.00454	1.9	0.0126*	0.0051	− 32.7	100.0

Standard errors (SE) have been computed using Krinsky and Robb’s method (1,000 draws). %Gap: Change as a percentage of the total underemployment gender gap

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