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Table 5 Relative change in German monthly earnings percentiles, 2012 to 2016

From: Short-term earnings mobility in the Canadian and German context: the role of cognitive skills

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Numeracy

3.011*** (0.630)

2.715*** (0.635)

2.157** (0.675)

0.804 (0.539)

Initial position

Earnings decile in 2012a

− 1.924*** (0.190)

− 2.145*** (0.232)

− 2.330*** (0.240)

− 2.756*** (0.289)

Work characteristics in 2012

Advanced math at workb

 

0.861 (1.096)

0.829 (1.086)

1.154 (0.906)

Advanced reading at workb

 

3.137** (1.011)

2.337* (1.015)

3.034*** (0.873)

High discretionc

 

0.794 (0.907)

0.750 (0.912)

1.629* (0.817)

Education

VET PSE (below BA)d

  

0.367 (1.731)

0.305 (1.390)

Non-VET PSE (below BA)d

  

3.318* (1.471)

3.431* (1.404)

BA degree or aboved

  

4.761** (1.493)

3.910* (1.545)

Controls

Femalee

   

− 4.240*** (0.865)

Age: 34 and underf

   

− 1.554 (1.565)

Age: 55 and olderf

   

0.886 (1.816)

Non-native language speakerg

   

− 2.688 (1.808)

No job changes between 12–16h

   

2.911* (1.257)

Change in working hours 12–16

   

0.760*** (0.066)

Firm size: 11–50 ppli

   

2.348 (1.243)

Firm size: 51–250 ppli

   

4.022** (1.257)

Firm size: 251 + ppli

   

5.592*** (1.443)

Public sectorj

   

1.882* (0.903)

Part time statusk

   

− 2.986* (1.380)

Labour market experience

   

− 0.305*** (0.077)

More than one jobl

   

− 0.805 (1.533)

Living with partner in 2012m

   

− 2.022* (0.946)

Child under 6 in 2012n

   

− 0.193 (1.286)

Region included

   

yes

Constant

11.516*** (1.131)

9.962*** (1.187)

9.836*** (1.220)

17.014*** (3.426)

R2

0.11

0.12

0.13

0.42

Observations

1320

  1. Notes: Standard errors in parentheses; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001
  2. a2012 earnings decile as a continuous variable
  3. bReference group: little math/reading at work
  4. cReference group: low discretion
  5. dReference group: high-school diploma or less
  6. eReference group: men
  7. fReference group: aged 35–54 years
  8. gReference group: native speaker
  9. hReference group: job change between 2012 and 2016
  10. iReference group: firm size of 1–10 ppl
  11. jReference group: private sector
  12. kReference group: full-time employed
  13. lReference group: only one job in 2012
  14. mReference group: not living with partner in 2012
  15. nReference group: no child under 6 in household in 2012