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Table 1 Selected baseline covariates used in logit estimation for the propensity score before and after matching (main sample)

From: Women’s employment, income and divorce in West Germany: a causal approach

 

Raw sample

Matched sample

Treated

Control

ND

Treated

Control

ND

At t0

 Age

38.2

36.65

0.22

38.2

38.05

0.02

 Age difference to spouse

3.19

3.06

0.03

3.19

3.16

0.01

 Marriage duration

14.49

12.67

0.26

14.49

14.48

0

In t−729 to t−365

 Childbirth (one if yes)

0.01

0.07

− 0.99

0.01

0.01

− 0.01

At t−730

 Number of child age 0–2

0.11

0.29

− 0.52

0.11

0.12

− 0.03

 Number of child age 3–5

0.28

0.4

− 0.22

0.28

0.29

− 0.02

 Number of child age 6–15

0.84

0.83

0.02

0.84

0.84

0

 Number of child age 16 and older

0.38

0.25

0.17

0.38

0.37

0.01

In t−1094 to t−730

 Days schooling (higher)

4.53

2.14

0.07

4.53

3.81

0.02

 Days vocational training

2.88

1.45

0.05

2.88

3.98

− 0.04

 Days care

8.07

5.88

0.04

8.07

7.82

0.01

 Days parental leave

176.9

242.4

− 0.37

176.9

178.5

− 0.01

 Days work disability

2.8

0.77

0.12

2.8

1.53

0.08

 Days unemployed

16.89

19.78

− 0.05

16.89

16.48

0.01

 Days employed (marginal)

76.1

77.21

− 0.01

76.1

75.81

0

 Days employed (regular)

160.6

112.4

0.28

160.6

158.7

0.01

 Daily income (marginal)

2.33

2.31

0

2.33

2.33

0

 Daily income (regular)

26.47

19.07

0.24

26.47

26.2

0.01

 Yearly income (marginal)

563

579

− 0.02

563

560

0

 Yearly income (regular)

8260

5744

0.23

8260

8289

0

From first record to t−730

 Lifetime days schooling (higher)

354.6

411.3

− 0.08

354.6

351.2

0.01

 Lifetime days vocational training

481.2

492.3

− 0.02

481.2

479.5

0

 Lifetime days tenure

2875

2428

0.19

2875

2846

0.01

 Lifetime days tenure (yearly)

156.6

144.4

0.12

156.6

155.9

0.01

 Case numbers

413

1437

 

410

1436

 
  1. Mean values for selected covariates. ND is the normalized difference: \( \frac{{x_{t} - x_{c} }}{{\sqrt {\frac{{V_{xt} + V_{xc} }}{2}} }} \) with \( V_{xt} = \frac{1}{{\left( {N_{t} - 1} \right)}}*\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{{N_{t} }} \left( {x_{it} - x_{t} } \right)^{2} \) (Vxc respectively) (Rosenbaum and Rubin 1985). Matched sample is based on kernel matching (Epanechnikov) with h = 0.056. Lifetime days tenure (yearly) is calculated by: Lifetime days tenure/[age-16-(lifetime days school/365)-(lifetime days training/365)]. T0 is the day the divorce file was opened. Case numbers for the raw and matched sample deviate because some cases are lost by kernel matching under the chosen bandwidth