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Journal for Labour Market Research

Table 6 Models of female labor force participation

From: Economic cycle and deceleration of female labor force participation in Latin America

 

Dependent variable

Obs.

Female LFP (%)

LFP ratio (men/women)

Cyclical comp.

Trend comp.

Cyclical comp.

Trend comp.

(1)

Base model

− 17.2***

(5.24)

15.5***

(2.79)

49.8***

(13.90)

− 53.2***

(10.63)

2736

(2)

Pooled OLS

− 14.1*

(7.46)

− 0.6

(0.53)

35.3

(22.12)

2.0

(1.56)

2736

(3)

Differences

− 8.4**

(3.70)

− 2.6

(4.27)

19.7*

(10.92)

12.4

(12.70)

2052

(4)

Dynamic panel model/1

− 5.7***

(2.16)

0.0

(0.11)

24.8***

(6.61)

− 0.0

(0.31)

1773

(5)

Random Effects

− 13.4***

(2.60)

6.1***

(0.63)

33.0***

(7.73)

− 11.8***

(1.70)

2736

(6)

Year fixed effects

− 14.0**

(6.35)

8.2*

(4.38)

39.2**

(17.86)

− 32.5*

(15.68)

2736

(7)

Year fixed effects + interaction

year and educational groups

− 14.0**

(6.42)

8.2*

(4.42)

39.2**

(18.04)

− 32.5*

(15.84)

2736

(8)

Additional controls 1

− 21.7***

(5.08)

7.3**

(3.25)

58.1***

(16.71)

− 17.2

(14.81)

2537

(9)

Additional controls 2

− 19.9***

(4.81)

8.7

(5.23)

42.5***

(11.21)

− 21.8

(15.66)

936

(10)

Only country > 20 periods

− 17.5**

(4.97)

19.2***

(4.50)

55.7**

(18.17)

− 64.9**

(18.23)

1224

(11)

Only country > 10 periods

− 17.7***

(5.28)

15.9***

(2.82)

50.7***

(14.13)

− 54.2***

(10.80)

2646

  1. Latin American countries, panel of education and age groups, 1987–2014. Adults aged 25–54
  2. (1) Base model specification is the same presented in column 1 of Table 4 for female LFP and Table 5 for the LFP ratio (men/women). (2) Pooled OLS regression with standard errors clustered by country in parentheses. (3) First difference estimator with standard errors clustered by country in parentheses. (4) Arellano and Bond (1991) GMM estimator with robust standard errors; we instrument for cycle component using a double lag. (5) Random-effect estimator with robust standard errors in parentheses. (6) Base model adding year fixed effects with standard errors clustered by country in parentheses. (7) Specification (6) + interactions between education groups and year dummies. (8) Base model specification with control variables; these results are the same presented in column 2 of Table 4 for female LFP and Table 5 for the LFP ratio. (9) Specification (8) + additional controls such as percentage of married women using modern contraceptive methods, an indicator of legal abortion, percentage of women with a washing machine, percentage of non-practicing catholic and an index of labor market regulations. (9) Base model specification restricting the sample to countries with available data for 20 years or more. (11) Base model specification restricting the sample to countries with available data for 10 years or more. ***Significant at 1% level, **5%, *10%
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