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Journal for Labour Market Research

Table 7 Effects of unemployment stigma on job search effort (H5) and success (H6) without controlling for unemployment duration

From: The social stigma of unemployment: consequences of stigma consciousness on job search attitudes, behaviour and success

 

H5a/b: Job search effort

H6a/b: Job search success

Active job search (yes)

Number of methods

Search intensity

Hours searched

Number of applications

Number of interviews

Job (yes)

Model 1a

Model 2b

Model 3a

Model 4b

Model 5b

Model 6b

Model 7a

Stigma consciousness (0–10)

0.024**

(0.008)

0.062***

(0.018)

0.261**

(0.081)

0.064#

(0.035)

0.061#

(0.034)

0.048

(0.050)

− 0.005

(0.005)

Employment status at wave 6 (R: employed)

 Unemployed

− 0.073#

(0.042)

− 0.125

(0.091)

− 0.427

(0.452)

0.008

(0.139)

− 0.223

(0.171)

− 0.594*

(0.240)

− 0.184***

(0.031)

 Out of the labour force

0.060

(0.138)

− 0.122

(0.299)

0.606

(1.693)

0.215

(0.441)

− 0.918#

(0.490)

− 0.565

(0.593)

− 0.038

(0.108)

Male

0.054#

(0.028)

0.125#

(0.067)

0.637*

(0.310)

0.313**

(0.108)

0.182

(0.125)

0.697***

(0.197)

0.016

(0.018)

Age

0.039***

(0.009)

0.116***

(0.024)

0.429***

(0.100)

0.153***

(0.039)

0.104*

(0.041)

0.094

(0.064)

0.004

(0.006)

Age2

− 0.001***

(0.000)

− 0.002***

(0.000)

− 0.006***

(0.001)

− 0.002***

(0.000)

− 0.002**

(0.000)

− 0.002*

(0.001)

− 0.000

(0.000)

Migration background

− 0.059#

(0.035)

− 0.077

(0.086)

− 0.415

(0.383)

0.242#

(0.131)

0.058

(0.146)

0.189

(0.208)

0.036

(0.024)

Education (R: elementary) (CASMIN)

 Secondary

0.045

(0.034)

0.224**

(0.078)

1.038**

(0.380)

0.209

(0.131)

− 0.153

(0.138)

− 0.205

(0.216)

0.019

(0.021)

 Maturity

0.043

(0.048)

0.204#

(0.114)

0.737

(0.523)

0.265

(0.180)

0.055

(0.212)

0.267

(0.275)

0.018

(0.033)

 Tertiary

0.151**

(0.048)

0.387***

(0.106)

1.759**

(0.538)

0.380*

(0.151)

0.331

(0.213)

− 0.155

(0.266)

0.112***

(0.034)

Married

− 0.039

(0.038)

− 0.054

(0.095)

− 0.253

(0.410)

− 0.092

(0.154)

− 0.110

(0.166)

0.088

(0.227)

0.004

(0.025)

Household size

− 0.011

(0.015)

− 0.060

(0.040)

− 0.242

(0.167)

− 0.136*

(0.059)

− 0.105

(0.082)

− 0.044

(0.083)

− 0.011

(0.011)

Household income

0.006*

(0.003)

0.017*

(0.008)

0.073*

(0.033)

0.026*

(0.011)

0.016

(0.015)

− 0.008

(0.018)

0.006**

(0.002)

West Germany

− 0.041

(0.030)

− 0.154*

(0.072)

− 0.601#

(0.333)

− 0.297*

(0.120)

− 0.068

(0.130)

0.160

(0.206)

− 0.004

(0.019)

Constant

− 0.256

(0.206)

− 1.808***

(0.533)

− 4.379*

(2.208)

− 2.280**

(0.836)

− 0.318

(0.896)

− 3.347*

(1.445)

0.286*

(0.142)

Observations

1278

1278

1278

1278

1278

1278

1573

  1. Weighted to account for panel attrition from wave 7 to 8; multiple imputation by chained equations to account for missing values data (40 imputations, burn in period of 40 iterations). Goodness-of-fit tests not available after multiple imputation in STATA (see STATA multiple imputation reference manual release 13, p. 79)
  2. Outcome variables Models 1 to 5: job search activity (yes/no); number of job search methods; job search intensity; number of hours spent searching; number of applications; outcome variables Models 6 and 7: number job interviews; employed (yes/no)
  3. Robust standard errors in parentheses; ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05, #p < 0.10
  4. Estimation methods: alinear regression, bnegative binomial count data regression
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