Table 12 Effects of unemployment stigma on job search effort (H5) and success (H6) after controlling for personality traits

Stigma consciousness (0–10)

0.030***

(0.008)

0.072***

(0.020)

0.285***

(0.085)

0.089**

(0.034)

0.082*

(0.037)

0.097^#

(0.052)

− 0.002

(0.005)

Sample (R: population sample)

0.001

(0.005)

0.002

(0.012)

− 0.036

(0.053)

0.025

(0.019)

0.040^#

(0.023)

0.055^#

(0.033)

− 0.003

(0.003)

 Extraversion

− 0.001

(0.006)

0.001

(0.013)

− 0.011

(0.062)

− 0.020

(0.021)

0.010

(0.025)

− 0.006

(0.037)

0.001

(0.004)

 Agreeableness

0.018*

(0.008)

0.059**

(0.021)

0.237*

(0.094)

0.102**

(0.032)

0.100*

(0.041)

0.124*

(0.057)

0.016*

(0.007)

 Conscientiousness

− 0.020*

(0.008)

− 0.046*

(0.021)

− 0.276**

(0.095)

− 0.022

(0.031)

− 0.047

(0.036)

− 0.086

(0.054)

− 0.013*

(0.005)

 Neuroticism

− 0.006

(0.005)

− 0.017

(0.013)

− 0.075

(0.056)

− 0.009

(0.018)

0.000

(0.023)

0.018

(0.033)

− 0.005

(0.003)

 Openness to experience

− 0.006

(0.005)

− 0.007

(0.014)

0.003

(0.058)

0.010

(0.022)

− 0.017

(0.026)

− 0.004

(0.036)

− 0.003

(0.003)

Self-efficacy

0.039

(0.060)

0.055

(0.152)

0.469

(0.616)

0.328

(0.214)

0.098

(0.273)

1.103*

(0.430)

0.013

(0.034)

Employment status at wave 6 (R: employed)

 Unemployed

− 0.036

(0.045)

− 0.000

(0.097)

0.014

(0.471)

0.188

(0.154)

0.000

(0.180)

− 0.279

(0.265)

− 0.144***

(0.033)

 Out of the labour force

0.098

(0.146)

0.072

(0.320)

1.259

(1.785)

0.426

(0.482)

− 0.645

(0.541)

− 0.155

(0.613)

0.029

(0.115)

Male

0.044

(0.028)

0.093

(0.069)

0.487

(0.312)

0.276**

(0.107)

0.207

(0.128)

0.562**

(0.188)

0.001

(0.018)

Unemployment duration (years)

− 0.010***

(0.003)

− 0.035***

(0.009)

− 0.117***

(0.032)

− 0.064***

(0.014)

− 0.060***

(0.015)

− 0.154***

(0.030)

− 0.006***

(0.002)

Number of previous unemployment episodes

0.019

(0.018)

0.058

(0.041)

0.315

(0.209)

− 0.004

(0.058)

0.035

(0.067)

− 0.013

(0.108)

0.042**

(0.013)

Age

0.039***

(0.009)

0.121***

(0.025)

0.428***

(0.101)

0.171***

(0.037)

0.117**

(0.042)

0.121*

(0.058)

0.003

(0.006)

Age²

− 0.001***

(0.000)

− 0.002***

(0.000)

− 0.005***

(0.001)

− 0.002***

(0.000)

− 0.002***

(0.000)

− 0.002**

(0.001)

− 0.000

(0.000)

Migration background

− 0.068*

(0.035)

− 0.112

(0.088)

− 0.509

(0.379)

0.167

(0.131)

− 0.063

(0.153)

0.068

(0.196)

0.035

(0.023)

Education (R: elementary) (CASMIN)

 Secondary

0.035

(0.034)

0.211**

(0.080)

0.938*

(0.381)

0.192

(0.131)

− 0.130

(0.144)

− 0.230

(0.221)

0.010

(0.021)

 Maturity

0.039

(0.049)

0.195^#

(0.118)

0.694

(0.539)

0.208

(0.185)

− 0.006

(0.216)

0.098

(0.269)

0.006

(0.032)

 Tertiary

0.133**

(0.050)

0.339**

(0.113)

1.572**

(0.557)

0.304^#

(0.162)

0.218

(0.222)

− 0.375

(0.276)

0.097**

(0.035)

Married

− 0.050

(0.038)

− 0.109

(0.097)

− 0.436

(0.408)

− 0.154

(0.154)

− 0.125

(0.176)

0.069

(0.234)

− 0.007

(0.025)

Household size

− 0.008

(0.015)

− 0.038

(0.042)

− 0.210

(0.169)

− 0.087

(0.058)

− 0.053

(0.080)

0.083

(0.089)

− 0.007

(0.011)

Household income

0.005^#

(0.003)

0.014^#

(0.008)

0.067*

(0.032)

0.025*

(0.011)

0.011

(0.014)

− 0.021

(0.018)

0.005*

(0.002)

West Germany

− 0.056^#

(0.031)

− 0.198**

(0.074)

− 0.786*

(0.333)

− 0.408***

(0.121)

− 0.206

(0.131)

0.015

(0.210)

− 0.011

(0.019)

Constant

− 0.140

(0.289)

− 1.971**

(0.724)

− 3.032

(3.165)

− 4.041***

(1.098)

− 2.092

(1.336)

− 5.872***

(1.756)

0.260

(0.203)

Observations

1278

1278

1278

1278

1278

1278

1573