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Table 1 Industries with highest share of jobs paying less than €8.50 in 2014

From: The effects of the new statutory minimum wage in Germany: a first assessment of the evidence

Industry

Total number of jobs (thousands)

Jobs below €8,50 per hour

Thousands

In percent

Taxis

121

84

69.6

Gambling and lottery

84

48

56.7

Food services (e.g., restaurants)

1.119

576

51.5

Postal services

440

176

40.1

Entertainment and recreation

235

79

33.6

Fishery

3

1

33.2

Accommodation

434

142

32.6

Security firms

160

51

32.0

Production of bakery products and pasta, bakeries

306

94

30.8

Call centres

109

32

29.9

Production and distribution of film and TVprograms; cinemas

51

14

27.9

Other services

212

56

26.6

Advertising agencies

164

40

24.6

Inland water passenger transportation

4

1

23.7

Facility management services

98

23

23.1

Repair services for durables

29

6

22.1

Publishing of books and magazines

150

33

21.9

Retail

2.644

575

21.8

Rental services (e.g., cars, sports equipment)

101

17

16.6

Private household with staff

./.

./.

./.

  1. Does not include industries that were exempted from the statutory minimum wage for a transition period (e.g., hairdressing or agriculture). The Structure of Earnings Survey does not cover private households as employers. However, it is well known from other sources that private households with staff exhibit one of the highest shares of low wages and should thus be included in a top-20 ranking. Source: Destatis, Structure of Earnings Survey 2014, own calculations