|
Log empl. growth rate
|
Western Germany
|
Eastern Germany
|
|---|
|
OLS
|
IV (second stage)
|
OLS
|
|---|
|
Manufacturing
|
|
DSL availability
|
− 0.039 (− 2.48)**
|
− 0.016 (− 0.94)
|
− 0.022 (− 0.31)
|
− 0.051 (− 0.62)
|
0.002 (0.28)
|
0.003 (0.36)
|
|
Establishment controls
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
Municipality controls
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
Year FE
| |
Yes
| |
Yes
| |
Yes
|
|
Industry FE (3-digit)
| |
Yes
| |
Yes
| |
Yes
|
|
District FE
| |
Yes
| |
Yes
| |
Yes
|
|
Observations
|
14,823
|
14,823
|
14,823
|
14,823
|
26,472
|
26,472
|
|
Adjusted R2
|
0.003
|
− 0.000
|
0.003
|
− 0.001
|
0.001
|
0.002
|
|
Services (controls and FE as above)
|
|
DSL availability
|
− 0.008 (− 0.53)
|
− 0.007 (− 0.45)
|
0.239 (2.80)***
|
0.255 (2.94)***
|
− 0.004 (− 0.64)
|
− 0.005 (− 0.69)
|
|
Observations
|
18,650
|
18,650
|
18,650
|
18,650
|
51,882
|
51,882
|
|
Adjusted R2
|
0.002
|
0.001
|
.a
|
− 0.013
|
0.001
|
0.002
|
- aNot reported because model sum of squares is negative. Data sources: Broadband Atlas Germany, Deutsche Telekom, BHP 7510
- t statistics in parentheses. * p < 0.10, ** p < 0.05, *** p < 0.01. Constant omitted from output. Standard errors clustered at the municipality level
