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Table 15 Unweighted regressions

From: Broadband internet availability and establishments’ employment growth in Germany: evidence from instrumental variables estimations

Log empl. growth rate

Western Germany

Eastern Germany

OLS

IV (second stage)

OLS

Manufacturing

DSL availability

− 0.039 (− 2.48)**

− 0.016 (− 0.94)

− 0.022 (− 0.31)

− 0.051 (− 0.62)

0.002 (0.28)

0.003 (0.36)

Establishment controls

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Municipality controls

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Year FE

 

Yes

 

Yes

 

Yes

Industry FE (3-digit)

 

Yes

 

Yes

 

Yes

District FE

 

Yes

 

Yes

 

Yes

Observations

14,823

14,823

14,823

14,823

26,472

26,472

Adjusted R2

0.003

− 0.000

0.003

− 0.001

0.001

0.002

Services (controls and FE as above)

DSL availability

− 0.008 (− 0.53)

− 0.007 (− 0.45)

0.239 (2.80)***

0.255 (2.94)***

− 0.004 (− 0.64)

− 0.005 (− 0.69)

Observations

18,650

18,650

18,650

18,650

51,882

51,882

Adjusted R2

0.002

0.001

.a

− 0.013

0.001

0.002

  1. aNot reported because model sum of squares is negative. Data sources: Broadband Atlas Germany, Deutsche Telekom, BHP 7510
  2. t statistics in parentheses. * p < 0.10, ** p < 0.05, *** p < 0.01. Constant omitted from output. Standard errors clustered at the municipality level