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Table 10 Long difference estimates, Eastern Germany

From: Broadband internet availability and establishments’ employment growth in Germany: evidence from instrumental variables estimations

Dep. var.: \(\Delta { \ln }\left( {\frac{{L_{it + 1} }}{{L_{it} }}} \right)\)

t = 2006

t = 2007

t = 2008

Manuf.

Services

Manuf.

Services

Manuf.

Services

∆DSL availability

0.031 (0.62)

0.021 (0.39)

0.103 (2.14)**

0.086 (1.93)*

0.046 (0.69)

0.171 (2.33)**

Establishment controls

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Municipality controls

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Observations

3732

6443

3588

6148

3424

5777

Adjusted R2

0.093

0.054

0.118

0.103

0.116

0.202

  1. t statistics in parentheses. * p < 0.10, ** p < 0.05, *** p < 0.01. All estimations weighted by full-time employment. Constant omitted from output. Standard errors clustered at the municipality level. Data sources: Broadband Atlas Germany, Deutsche Telekom, BHP 7510