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Table 9 Robustness check—ATT of receiving a One-Euro-Job announcement, results for first announcements.

From: Of carrots and sticks: the effect of workfare announcements on the job search behaviour and reservation wage of welfare recipients

 

Total

East Germany

West Germany

Last regular job ended

< 4 years ago

≥ 4 years ago, never employed, missing

Job search activities during past 4 weeks

 Job search: yes

0.061**

0.044

0.035

0.019

0.069**

 Job search via …

  … Job advertisements in newspapers

0.059**

0.057

0.040

0.052

0.074**

  … Employment agencies’ online job market

0.015

0.030

− 0.025

0.031

− 0.014

  … Other internet sources

0.034

− 0.005

0.025

0.020

0.045

  … Family and friends

0.066**

0.042

0.056*

0.060

0.067**

  … Placement officer at the employment agency

0.027

0.010

0.065**

0.057

0.022

  … Private job placement service

0.009

− 0.009

0.015

0.025

0.014

  … Other, not coded

− 0.004

0.004

− 0.008

0.001

− 0.003

 No. of different search channels

0.222**

0.144

0.172

0.259

0.216*

 Looked for any possible job

0.067***

0.027

0.064**

0.027

0.085***

Application activities during past 4 weeks

 Replied to job advertisements

0.034

0.055

0.045

0.007

0.046

 Placed an ‘employment wanted’ advertisement

− 0.002

0.009

− 0.002

0.006

0.006

 Asked for a job at the company itself

0.057**

0.030

0.071**

0.050

0.075**

 Submitted application without concrete job advertisement

− 0.003

− 0.003

− 0.007

− 0.006

− 0.012

 Job application > 100 km away from current residence

0.004

0.019

− 0.003

− 0.032

0.002

 No. of applications for job advertisements

− 0.193

− 0.276

− 0.081

0.124

− 0.216

 No. of pro-active applications

0.002

− 0.293

0.124

0.700

− 0.275**

 Total no. of applications

− 0.190

− 0.568

0.043

0.824

− 0.492*

 No. of application channels

0.085

0.091

0.108

0.057

0.115

Reservation wage, employment and income

 Hourly reservation wage after tax in €a

− 0.200

− 0.048

− 0.116

− 0.274

− 0.340**

 Contributory employment

− 0.026**

− 0.016

− 0.016

− 0.053

− 0.007

 Minor employment

− 0.024

− 0.054

− 0.040

− 0.045

− 0.027

 Household receives UB II

0.035***

0.027

0.030*

0.077**

0.004

 Equivalent household income in €a, b

− 16.673

− 14.543

− 21.833

− 2.571

− 26.753

Treated

530

247

283

154

369

Treated on support

502

224

272

140

347

Potential controls

4205

1403

2802

1408

2761

Matched controls

3719

1098

2224

1018

2209

MSB before matching

10.063

10.635

10.458

14.223

11.218

MSB after matching

1.626

2.834

2.281

4.999

1.695

  1. Effects on share of a positive answer (0 = no, 1 = yes) unless stated otherwise
  2. aDeflated to price level 2010 = 1
  3. bThis income measure covers all types of income sources, also from social benefits. For details see Berg et al. (2013)
  4. *p < 0.10; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01