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Journal for Labour Market Research

Table 6 ATT of receiving a One-Euro-Job announcement and mean outcomes for matched controls by time since last employment.

From: Of carrots and sticks: the effect of workfare announcements on the job search behaviour and reservation wage of welfare recipients

 

Last regular job ended

< 4 years ago

≥ 4 years ago, never employed, missing

Mean

ATT

Mean

ATT

Job search activities during past 4 weeks

 Job search: yes

0.563

− 0.007

0.522

0.069**

 Job search via …

  … Job advertisements in newspapers

0.451

0.022

0.427

0.063**

  … Employment agencies’ online job market

0.340

0.009

0.358

− 0.002

  … Other internet sources

0.379

0.012

0.351

0.036

  … Family and friends

0.360

0.037

0.334

0.075***

  … Placement officer at the employment agency

0.272

0.012

0.292

0.004

  … Private job placement service

0.119

− 0.018

0.094

0.009

  … Other, not coded

0.033

0.003

0.026

0.000

 No. of different search channels

2.000

0.083

1.941

0.215*

 Looked for any possible job

0.295

− 0.035

0.293

0.070***

Application activities during past 4 weeks

 Replied to job advertisements

0.408

− 0.029

0.350

0.048*

 Placed an ‘employment wanted’ advertisement

0.029

− 0.012

0.038

− 0.002

 Asked for a job at the company itself

0.330

− 0.005

0.290

0.077***

 Submitted application without concrete job advertisement

0.260

− 0.023

0.233

− 0.013

 Job application > 100 km away from current residence

0.084

− 0.007

0.055

0.000

 No. of applications for job advertisements

2.303

− 0.303

1.813

− 0.196

 No. of pro-active applications

1.171

0.362

0.987

− 0.165

 Total no. of applications

3.474

0.059

2.800

− 0.360

 No. of application channels

1.027

− 0.069

0.911

0.109*

Reservation wage, employment and income

 Hourly reservation wage after tax in €a

6.801

− 0.059

6.806

− 0.238*

 Contributory employment

0.129

− 0.023

0.049

− 0.010

 Minor employment

0.178

− 0.047

0.190

− 0.016

 Household receives UB II

0.857

0.037

0.943

0.011

 Equivalent household income in €a, b

712.449

25.188

709.798

− 37.383

Treated

192

 

478

 

Treated on support

169

 

455

 

Potential controls

1504

 

3044

 

Matched controls

1134

 

2650

 

MSB before matching

13.146

 

11.100

 

MSB after matching

3.659

 

1.702

 
  1. Effects on share of a positive answer (0 = no, 1 = yes) unless stated otherwise
  2. aDeflated to price level 2010 = 1
  3. bThis income measure covers all types of income sources, also from social benefits. For details see Berg et al. (2013)
  4. *p < 0.10; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01
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