Of carrots and sticks: the effect of workfare announcements on the job search behaviour and reservation wage of welfare recipients

Hohmeyer, Katrin; Wolff, Joachim

doi:10.1186/s12651-018-0245-9

Journal for Labour Market Research

Table 10 Robustness check—ATT of receiving a One-Euro-Job announcement, results from PS matching estimation with all covariates.

From: Of carrots and sticks: the effect of workfare announcements on the job search behaviour and reservation wage of welfare recipients

	Total	East Germany	West Germany	Last regular job ended
	Total	East Germany	West Germany	< 4 years ago	≥ 4 years ago, never employed, missing
Job search activities during past 4 weeks
Job search: yes	0.046**	0.022	0.046	0.046	0.078***
Job search via …
… Job advertisements in newspapers	0.060***	0.025	0.055*	0.086*	0.079***
… Employment agencies’ online job market	0.017	0.050	− 0.002	0.003	0.010
… Other internet sources	0.029	0.029	0.060**	− 0.001	0.055**
… Family and friends	0.061***	0.040	0.057*	0.063	0.066**
… Placement officer at the employment agency	0.017	− 0.001	0.038	0.033	0.014
… Private job placement service	0.005	− 0.002	− 0.008	− 0.030	0.009
… Other, not coded	0.003	0.002	− 0.006	0.000	0.001
No. of different search channels	0.220**	0.165	0.204	0.170	0.254**
Looked for any possible job	0.054**	0.017	0.081***	0.046	0.088***
Application activities during past 4 weeks
Replied to job advertisements	0.042*	0.006	0.067**	0.016	0.057**
Placed an ‘employment wanted’ advertisement	0.001	− 0.001	0.001	− 0.005	0.006
Asked for a job at the company itself	0.054**	0.033	0.068**	0.017	0.080***
Submitted application without concrete job advertisement	− 0.013	− 0.004	− 0.012	− 0.017	− 0.010
Job application > 100 km away from current residence	0.009	0.001	0.001	− 0.009	0.007
No. of applications for job advertisements	− 0.176	− 0.419*	0.082	− 0.127	− 0.234
No. of pro-active applications	− 0.021	− 0.191	0.153	0.470	− 0.231*
Total no. of applications	− 0.197	− 0.610	0.234	0.342	− 0.464*
No. of application channels	0.084	0.034	0.124*	0.011	0.134**
Reservation wage, employment and income
Hourly reservation wage after tax in €^a	− 0.303***	− 0.271	− 0.239	− 0.341	− 0.190
Contributory employment	− 0.016	− 0.006	− 0.013	− 0.021	− 0.021*
Minor employment	− 0.027	− 0.015	− 0.020	− 0.011	− 0.007
Household receives UB II	0.019	0.011	0.020	0.042	0.020
Equivalent household income in €^{a, b}	− 20.960	− 15.887	− 12.672	10.298	− 49.353**
Treated	677	325	352	192	478
Treated on support	652	296	336	171	453
Potential controls	4584	1572	3012	1504	3044
Matched controls	4239	1325	2670	970	2659
MSB before matching	8.958	9.156	8.718	11.417	9.169
MSB after matching	1.383	2.727	1.760	3.745	1.413

Effects on share of a positive answer (0 = no, 1 = yes) unless stated otherwise
^aDeflated to price level 2010 = 1
^bThis income measure covers all types of income sources, also from social benefits. For details see Berg et al. (2013)
*p < 0.10; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01

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