Fig. 3

Standardized differences in means of covariates between individuals employed in changing firms and those employed in non-changing without and with different matching techniques. Source: COI survey 2006/INSEE-DARES-CEE. Coverage: Workers aged 45–57 years old with at least 1 year of seniority and employed in firms with 20 workers or more. Note: Treated individuals are workers employed in changing firms, i.e. firms that have experienced substantial ICT and management changes. We plot standardized biases without matching (black circles) and with different matching techniques (black crosses for IPW with exact matching by gender, blue diamonds for Kernel matching and red triangles for IPW matching). We report only covariates for which standardized bias without matching is greater than 10