Men | Women | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All periods | 1998/02 | 2003/05 | 2006/08 | All periods | 1998/02 | 2003/05 | 2006/08 | |
Relative Frequencies/Means | ||||||||
Skill level | ||||||||
Missing information on educational level | 0.030 | 0.026 | 0.028 | 0.041 | 0.027 | 0.023 | 0.026 | 0.035 |
No vocational training with at most an intermediate degree | 0.082 | 0.085 | 0.079 | 0.078 | 0.093 | 0.106 | 0.087 | 0.074 |
Vocational training with at most an intermediate degree | 0.585 | 0.605 | 0.591 | 0.546 | 0.550 | 0.582 | 0.549 | 0.496 |
High school/equivalent; with or without vocational training | 0.113 | 0.103 | 0.114 | 0.131 | 0.159 | 0.144 | 0.163 | 0.182 |
University/Technical/Professional College degree | 0.189 | 0.181 | 0.188 | 0.204 | 0.171 | 0.146 | 0.173 | 0.213 |
Potential experience a | 19.614 | 19.142 | 20.299 | 19.969 | 19.010 | 18.892 | 19.327 | 18.995 |
(8.62) | (8.40) | (8.60) | (8.98) | (8.81) | (8.54) | (8.80) | (9.26) | |
Preceding state | ||||||||
First spell | 0.160 | 0.185 | 0.146 | 0.127 | 0.144 | 0.171 | 0.127 | 0.108 |
Job-to-job | 0.359 | 0.347 | 0.359 | 0.382 | 0.350 | 0.335 | 0.353 | 0.373 |
Unemployed | 0.243 | 0.239 | 0.263 | 0.236 | 0.221 | 0.222 | 0.230 | 0.214 |
Job followed by gap | 0.122 | 0.109 | 0.125 | 0.141 | 0.171 | 0.143 | 0.192 | 0.204 |
Unemployment followed by gap | 0.116 | 0.120 | 0.107 | 0.114 | 0.115 | 0.129 | 0.099 | 0.101 |
Local labour demand a | ||||||||
Unemployment rate | 9.027 | 8.848 | 10.034 | 8.628 | 9.018 | 8.812 | 10.042 | 8.670 |
(3.24) | (3.05) | (3.32) | (3.37) | (3.21) | (3.01) | (3.26) | (3.37) | |
Gdp growth | 2.092 | 2.490 | 1.580 | 1.746 | 2.022 | 2.422 | 1.497 | 1.693 |
(3.71) | (3.47) | (3.06) | (4.40) | (3.61) | (3.36) | (2.94) | (4.31) | |
Federal state | ||||||||
Schleswig Holstein, Hamburg | 0.077 | 0.075 | 0.077 | 0.079 | 0.083 | 0.081 | 0.083 | 0.085 |
Lower Saxony, Bremen | 0.120 | 0.118 | 0.120 | 0.123 | 0.115 | 0.113 | 0.119 | 0.115 |
North Rhine-Westphalia | 0.278 | 0.279 | 0.281 | 0.274 | 0.273 | 0.270 | 0.278 | 0.274 |
Hesse | 0.102 | 0.102 | 0.104 | 0.101 | 0.100 | 0.101 | 0.101 | 0.099 |
Rhineland Palatinate, Saarland | 0.070 | 0.070 | 0.070 | 0.070 | 0.068 | 0.070 | 0.066 | 0.067 |
Baden-Württemberg | 0.163 | 0.165 | 0.160 | 0.163 | 0.165 | 0.168 | 0.160 | 0.164 |
Bavaria | 0.191 | 0.192 | 0.189 | 0.192 | 0.196 | 0.197 | 0.194 | 0.196 |
Firm size | ||||||||
1–19 | 0.306 | 0.309 | 0.318 | 0.293 | 0.350 | 0.356 | 0.354 | 0.335 |
20–49 | 0.158 | 0.156 | 0.160 | 0.161 | 0.148 | 0.147 | 0.148 | 0.151 |
50–249 | 0.277 | 0.266 | 0.274 | 0.297 | 0.265 | 0.259 | 0.267 | 0.274 |
250–999 | 0.154 | 0.160 | 0.142 | 0.152 | 0.150 | 0.150 | 0.145 | 0.153 |
1000 and more | 0.105 | 0.109 | 0.106 | 0.097 | 0.088 | 0.089 | 0.086 | 0.087 |
Industry | ||||||||
Agriculture, mining | 0.028 | 0.025 | 0.028 | 0.032 | 0.014 | 0.010 | 0.014 | 0.020 |
Energy, traffic and information | 0.088 | 0.090 | 0.091 | 0.084 | 0.041 | 0.042 | 0.041 | 0.040 |
Manufacturing | 0.282 | 0.298 | 0.272 | 0.260 | 0.178 | 0.198 | 0.169 | 0.148 |
Construction | 0.092 | 0.099 | 0.094 | 0.080 | 0.016 | 0.018 | 0.017 | 0.014 |
Trade and retail | 0.120 | 0.122 | 0.120 | 0.116 | 0.152 | 0.158 | 0.153 | 0.141 |
Business services | 0.160 | 0.151 | 0.160 | 0.176 | 0.187 | 0.182 | 0.185 | 0.198 |
Personal and domestic services | 0.047 | 0.047 | 0.045 | 0.047 | 0.096 | 0.098 | 0.095 | 0.092 |
Social and public services | 0.120 | 0.123 | 0.129 | 0.107 | 0.267 | 0.259 | 0.274 | 0.276 |
Temporary work agency | 0.064 | 0.046 | 0.061 | 0.098 | 0.049 | 0.035 | 0.051 | 0.071 |
Foreigner | 0.143 | 0.133 | 0.140 | 0.165 | 0.109 | 0.098 | 0.109 | 0.129 |
Censored wage | 0.097 | 0.108 | 0.084 | 0.087 | 0.029 | 0.031 | 0.023 | 0.028 |
Number of observations | 178,065 | 90,818 | 36,349 | 50,898 | 99,012 | 50,032 | 19,935 | 29,045 |