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Table 11 Share of temporary employment (first-stage 2SLS)

From: The impact of temporary employment and employment protection on labour productivity: evidence from an industry-level panel of EU countriesEinfluss von befristeter Beschäftigung und Kündigungsschutz auf die Arbeitsproduktivität: Evidenz aus einem branchenspezifischen Panel von EU-Ländern

 

(1)

FSa

(2)

FSb

(3)

FSc

(4)

FSd

EPL for TE

−0.012

−0.020

−0.012

−0.012

(0.002)***

(0.003)***

(0.002)***

(0.002)***

EPL for PE

0.032

 

0.015

0.017

(0.004)***

 

(0.003)***

(0.003)***

EPL*FJR

−0.343

   

(0.087)***

   

EPL*PE

 

−0.005

  
 

(0.006)

  

EPL*PE*FJR

 

−0.416

  
 

(0.080)***

  

EPL*BI1

  

0.005

 
  

(0.002)*

 

EPL*BI2

   

0.001

   

(0.001)

TUD

−0.001

−0.001

−0.001

−0.001

(0.000)**

(0.000)***

(0.001)**

(0.000)**

Trend

0.051

0.133

0.051

0.051

(0.068)

(0.068)*

(0.068)

(0.068)

Sector dummies

YES

YES

YES

YES

Country dummies

YES

YES

YES

YES

Year dummies

YES

YES

YES

YES

Observations

1820

1820

1820

1820

R-squared

0.8537

0.8564

0.8530

0.8521

  1. FS: first-stage estimates of the IV regression; EPL for TE: employment protection legislation for temporary employment; EPL for PE: employment protection legislation for permanent employment; FJR: frictionless job reallocation; BI 1: binary indicator 1; BI2: binary indicator 2; PE: the share of permanent employment; TUD: trade union density
  2. HAC Robust standard errors in brackets. *significant at 10 %, **significant at 5 %, ***significant at 1 %
  3. aFirst-stage estimates of the IV-FE regression in Table 1. bFirst-stage estimates of the IV-FE regression in Table 2. cFirst-stage estimates of the IV-FE regression in Table 3. dFirst-stage estimates of the IV-FE regression in Table 4