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Table 1 Summary statistics, mean (standard deviation)

From: The distribution of the gender wage gap in Austria: evidence from matched employer-employee data and tax recordsEine Auswertung von Steuer- und Sozialversicherungsdaten zur Untersuchung der Verteilung des geschlechtsspezifischen Lohnunterschiedes in Österreich

 

Women

Men

Gross hourly wage (€)

14.008

17.305

(6.424)

(7.978)

Education

 

 Compulsory school

0.191

0.138

 Apprenticeship

0.280

0.487

 Secondary school

0.200

0.081

 High school

0.179

0.137

 Crafts diploma

0.004

0.059

 Technical college

0.058

0.022

 University (Bachelor, Master, MBA)

0.076

0.062

 University (PhD)

0.011

0.014

Age (in years)

37.364

38.458

(11.654)

(11.193)

Experience (in years)

15.682

18.814

(9.572)

(10.172)

Tenure (in years)

9.094

10.121

(7.710)

(8.683)

Length of interruptions (years)

0.950

0.570

(1.519)

(1.041)

Length of parental leave (in years)

0.402

0.003

(0.844)

(0.057)

Time in military (in years)

0.000

0.046

(0.009)

(0.172)

Time out of labor force (in years)

0.129

0.126

(0.770)

(0.642)

Time unemployed (in years)

0.377

0.328

(0.818)

(0.723)

Time sick (in years)

0.042

0.066

(0.148)

(0.181)

Married

0.512

0.672

Executive position

0.045

0.079

Firmsize

 

 Firm size: 1–10

0.259

0.172

 Firm size: 11–19

0.140

0.125

 Firm size: 20–49

0.191

0.191

 Firm size: 50–499

0.311

0.373

 Firm size: 500+

0.099

0.140

 Firm size unknown

0.023

0.027

 Log workplace size

4.902

4.772

(2.407)

(2.055)

Average age of the firm

22.282

23.101

(12.376)

(12.393)

Average age in the firm

38.890

38.481

(5.542)

(4.997)

Ratio female to male workers in the firm

0.620

0.299

(0.249)

(0.233)

Ratio female to male wage in the firm

0.810

0.767

(0.360)

(0.244)

Worker turnover in the firm

24.485

4.605

(792.386)

(256.846)

Public sector

0.366

0.187

Occupation

 

 Soldiers, administrative officers

0.034

0.082

 Researchers

0.115

0.080

 Engineers

0.247

0.196

 Office workers

0.235

0.084

 Sales

0.209

0.084

 Craftspersons

0.028

0.265

 Assembly workers

0.025

0.117

 Unskilled workers

0.107

0.091

Sector

 

 Agriculture, fishery, mining

0.010

0.014

 Manufacturing

0.146

0.310

 Energy, water suppliers, traffic and communication

0.044

0.077

 Construction

0.024

0.130

 Whole sale and retail

0.182

0.148

 Tourism

0.076

0.024

 Banks, insurance

0.051

0.040

 Real estate

0.073

0.055

 Others

0.392

0.203

Citizenship

 

 Austrian

0.930

0.923

 EU 15

0.016

0.016

 Others

0.053

0.061

Population density

 

 High

0.353

0.275

 Medium

0.245

0.266

 Low

0.402

0.458

Region

 

 Burgenland

0.086

0.087

 Lower Austria

0.127

0.127

 Vienna

0.143

0.096

 Carinthia

0.105

0.107

 Steiermark

0.114

0.117

 Upper Austria

0.104

0.134

 Salzburg

0.119

0.112

 Tirol

0.100

0.106

 Vorarlberg

0.101

0.114

Number of observations

6,064

11,698