Table 1 Variable definition and data sources
Variable | Description | Source |
|---|---|---|
NM | Net migration defined as in- minus outmigration | Destatis (2009) |
NM(to18) | Net migration of persons under 18 years | Destatis (2009) |
NM(18to25) | Net migration of persons aged between 18 and 24 | Destatis (2009) |
NM(25to30) | Net migration of persons aged between 25 and 29 | Destatis (2009) |
NM(30to50) | Net migration of persons aged between 30 and 49 | Destatis (2009) |
NM(50to65) | Net migration of persons aged between 50 and 65 | Destatis (2009) |
NM(over65) | Net migration of persons aged 65 and above | Destatis (2009) |
POP | Population Level | VGRdL (2009) |
Y | Gross Domestic Product (real) per Capita | VGRdL (2009) |
UR | Unemployment Rate | Federal Employment Agency (2009) |
COMM | Net Commuting level defined as in- minus out-commuting | Federal Institute for Research on Building, Urban Affairs and Spatial Development (BBSR 2009) |
HK | Human Capital level defined as %-share of employees with university degree relative to total employees | BBSR (2009) |
INTCOMP | International Competitiveness proxied by foreign turnover relative to total turnover in manufacturing industries | BBSR (2009) |
EAST | Binary dummy variable for regions in East Germany | own calculation |
STATE | Set of binary dummies for each of the 16 Federal States | own calculation |
TIME | Set of year specific time dummies for sample period 1996 to 2006 | own calculation |
SETTLE | Set of binary dummies for types of settlement structure with: | BBSR (2009) |
Type1: Highly agglomerated area with regional urban center above 100.000 persons and population density above 300 inhabitants/sqm | ||
Type2: Highly agglomerated area with regional urban center above 100.000 persons and population density below 300 inhabitants/sqm | ||
Type3: Agglomerated area with population density above 200 inhabitants/sqm | ||
Type4: Agglomerated area with regional urban center above 100.000 persons and population density between 100–200 inhabitants/sqm | ||
Type5: Agglomerated area without regional urban center above 100.000 persons and population density between 150–200 inhabitants/sqm | ||
Type6: Rural area with population density above 100 inhabitants/sqm | ||
Type7: Rural area with population density below 100 inhabitants/sqm | ||
i | index for region i (region in focus) | |
j | index for region j (rest of the country aggregate) | |
t | time index |