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Table 2 Summary statistics by employment status

From: Dependent self-employment: workers between employment and self-employment in the UKAbhängige Selbständigkeit: Arbeitskräfte im Graubereich zwischen Beschäftigung und Selbständigkeit

 

Employee

Self-employed

Dependently self-employed

 

Mean

(SD)

Mean

(SD)

Mean

(SD)

Male

0.572

0.738

0.730

Age

38.981

11.863

44.911

10.395

43.107

11.502

White

0.794

0.797

0.796

Lives with spouse

0.695

0.816

0.763

Kids under 19 years (#)

0.760

1.020

0.881

1.140

0.828

1.100

Kids under 5 years (#)

0.176

0.462

0.185

0.484

0.203

0.497

Kids 5–9 years (#)

0.199

0.492

0.245

0.551

0.230

0.532

Highest qualification

      

Degree or equivalent

0.141

0.190

0.157

Higher education

0.081

0.080

0.082

GCE A level or equiv.

0.269

0.329

0.324

GCSE A-C level or equiv.

0.244

0.158

0.154

Other qualification

0.145

0.113

0.144

No qualification

0.120

0.130

0.138

Residential tenure

      

< 1 year

0.100

0.069

0.089

1–2 years

0.104

0.082

0.101

2–3 years

0.080

0.070

0.074

3–5 years

0.123

0.119

0.120

5–10 years

0.186

0.196

0.181

>= 10 years

0.406

0.463

0.435

Job characteristics:

      

Regular working hoursa

34.019

11.522

41.337

18.063

36.180

17.933

Job tenure

      

< 3 months

0.042

0.018

0.061

3–6 months

0.038

0.018

0.042

6–12 months

0.072

0.037

0.069

1–2 years

0.145

0.079

0.131

2–5 years

0.248

0.170

0.207

5–10 years

0.166

0.172

0.156

10–20 years

0.191

0.286

0.195

>= 20 years

0.098

0.220

0.138

Occupation

      

Managers and senior officials

0.177

0.202

0.069

Professionals

0.079

0.128

0.136

Associate professionals and technicians

0.105

0.139

0.126

Clerical occupation

0.131

0.029

0.044

Skilled trade

0.119

0.302

0.336

Personal service

0.053

0.055

0.073

Sales and customer services

0.104

0.025

0.011

Operatives

0.116

0.073

0.107

Elementary

0.107

0.043

0.097

Same occupation as t − 1

0.642

0.679

0.642

Sector

 

 

 

Agriculture

0.010

0.058

0.056

Energy

0.017

0.002

0.010

Manufacturing

0.245

0.069

0.096

Construction

0.069

0.213

0.307

Distribution

0.250

0.189

0.055

Transport

0.084

0.067

0.087

Banking and finance

0.195

0.0192

0.197

Public administration

0.086

0.098

0.104

Other services

0.044

0.112

0.088

Employment at t − 1

      

Self-employed. w/o employees

0.007

0.656

0.805

Part-time

0.211

0.184

0.256

Supervisory

0.307

0.034

0.052

Occupation

      

Managers and senior officials

0.174

0.226

0.089

Professionals

0.075

0.129

0.121

Associate prof. and technicians

0.095

0.133

0.133

Clerical occupations

0.141

0.031

0.048

Skilled trade

0.125

0.284

0.312

Personal services

0.061

0.049

0.073

Sales and customer services

0.105

0.031

0.020

Operatives

0.116

0.073

0.107

Elementary

0.107

0.043

0.097

N

217,331

38,565

4,146

  1. a # of observations: employee (200,151), self-employed (34,522), dependently self-employed (3,671)