From: Union membership and the wage gap between the public and private sectors: evidence from China
 | (1) Employees | (2) Excluding occupation and industry | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Endowment (a) | Price (b) | Endowment (c) | Price (d) | Endowment (e) | Price (f) | Endowment (g) | Price (h) |
Value: wage gap | 0.233 | 0.023 | 0.204 | 0.052 | 0.243 | 0.079 | 0.236 | 0.086 |
Contribution rate (%) | ||||||||
 Total | 90.7% | 9.3% | 79.6% | 20.4% | 75.5% | 24.5% | 73.3% | 26.7% |
Each factor | ||||||||
 Union | 6.1% | − 1.7% | 11.0% | − 6.6% | 5.7% | − 1.4% | 10.0% | − 5.7% |
 Education | 69.0% | 124.3% | 34.9% | 158.4% | 70.1% | 84.9% | 45.5% | 109.5% |
 Experience | 0.4% | 86.4% | − 0.1% | 86.9% | 0.3% | 67.9% | 0.1% | 68.1% |
 Health | − 0.5% | − 1.2% | − 0.6% | − 1.1% | − 0.2% | − 0.6% | − 0.3% | − 0.6% |
 Gender | 1.3% | 34.8% | 3.7% | 32.4% | 1.2% | 31.9% | 4.1% | 29.1% |
 Ethnicity | 0.0% | − 0.4% | 0.0% | − 0.4% | − 0.1% | − 0.7% | − 0.1% | − 0.7% |
 Married | − 1.7% | − 31.5% | 0.4% | − 33.6% | − 1.4% | − 31.7% | 1.0% | − 34.1% |
 Party | 5.6% | 0.8% | 3.1% | 3.3% | 2.7% | − 1.4% | 6.7% | − 5.4% |
 Occupation | 8.5% | -23.3% | 28.3% | − 43.0% |  |  |  |  |
 Industry | 4.5% | 21.6% | − 0.2% | 26.3% |  |  |  |  |
 Region | − 12.7% | 1.1% | − 12.9% | 1.3% | − 9.5% | 4.9% | − 10.9% | 6.4% |
 Year | 10.2% | 16.2% | 12.2% | 14.2% | 6.6% | 36.0% | 17.2% | 25.4% |
 Constant | 0.0% | − 217.7% | 0.0% | − 217.7% | 0.0% | − 165.3% | 0.0% | − 165.3% |