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Table 6 Comparison of sociodemographic characteristics of individuals with imposed and implemented sanctions

From: Linking information on unemployment benefit sanctions from different datasets about welfare receipt: proceedings and research potential

 

(1) Imposed, but not implemented sanctions

(2) Implemented sanctions

Female

0.29

(0.45)

0.35

(0.48)

Age

 Age (mean)

33.19

(10.20)

34.80

(10.69)

 20–24

0.24

(0.42)

0.19

(0.39)

 25–29

0.21

(0.40)

0.19

(0.39)

 30–39

0.31

(0.46)

0.31

(0.46)

 40–49

0.16

(0.36)

0.19

(0.39)

 50–65

0.09

(0.29)

0.12

(0.33)

Occupational degree

 No degree

0.42

(0.49)

0.47

(0.50)

 Vocational degree

0.41

(0.49)

0.38

(0.49)

 High school degree

0.06

(0.24)

0.05

(0.22)

 Vocational degree and high school

0.07

(0.25)

0.06

(0.23)

 University degree

0.04

(0.20)

0.03

(0.18)

Employment history (Days)

 Employed in last 3 Years

86.39

(163.18)

64.11

(147.14)

Receipt of UI benefits in last 3 Years

44.56

(106.76)

38.42

(101.15)

Receipt of UB II benefits in last 3 Years

751.95

(328.53)

830.59

(322.38)

Information on benefit sanction

 Number of valid sanctions (mean)

1.75

(1.09)

1.31

(0.68)

 At least one mild sanction

0.81

(0.39)

0.75

(0.43)

 First severe Infringement

0.22

(0.42)

0.27

(0.44)

 At least one additional severe Infringement

0.08

(0.27)

0.02

(0.14)

 Individuals

17,759

 

55,224

  1. The table displays the shares and standard deviations (in parentheses) of sociodemographic characteristics for each individual’s first appearance in each dataset. Thus, it is possible that an individual is included with different calendar months in both columns. The table includes only individuals who are between 20 and 65 years old and have no missing information in regard to their occupational degree. In Column 1, information on sanctions is only obtained from ALLEGRO. Note that in periods where employment and the receipt of benefits in accordance with Social Code Book II or III overlap, employment spells are shortened. As a result, the length of employment spells might be underestimated
  2. Source: IEB V14.00.00–190,927, LHG V10.00.00–201,904, LST-S V10.00.00–201,904, data from the data warehouse (DWH) of the FEA January 2020. Own calculations