Table 1 Main findings of related evaluation studies on child care concerning maternal employment
Article | Country/region | Method | Main findings |
|---|---|---|---|
Andresen and Havnes (2019) | Norway | DiD | Positive ffects for cohabiting mothers with children younger than 3 years characterized by a shift to full-time employment |
Baker et al. (2008) | Quebec | DiD | Increase of female employment by 7.7 percentage points |
Bauernschuster and Schlotter (2015) | Germany | DiD | Transition to kindergarten is related to an increase in labor force participation by 36.6 percentage points and in average weekly hours by 14.3Â h |
Berlinski et al. (2011) | Argentina | RDD | Higher employment probability, also in full-time, and weekly hours rise on average by 7.8 if youngest child attends kindergarten |
Berlinski and Galiani (2007) | Argentina | DiD | Positive employment effects for mothers of children aged three to five |
Fendel and Jochimsen (2017) | Germany | DiD | Positive short-term effects on the maternal labor force participation for the child care reform of August 2013 including the legal claim for child care and the introduction of home care allowances |
Fitzpatrick (2012) | US | RDD | Positive effect of kindergarten attendance for single mothers |
Gelbach (2002) | US | IV | Positive effect of public school enrollment on employment rate and on weekly hours for single mothers, slightly smaller effects for married women |
Givord and Marbot (2015) | France | DiD | Effects close to zero for mothers of preschool children, higher effects for larger families |
Havnes and Mogstad (2011) | Norway | DiD | Effects close to zero for mothers of 3–6 years old children |
Lefebvre and Merrigan (2008) | Quebec | DiD | Positive effects on employment and working hours |
Lundin et al. (2008) | Sweden | DiD | Effects close to zero, no effect variation across subgroups (age of children, educational level) |
Müller and Wrohlich (2020) | West Germany | DiD | Increase in childcare slots by one percentage point goes along with a by 0.2 percentage points higher labor market participation, mainly explained by part-time employment and mothers with medium-level qualifications |
Nollenberger and RodrÃguez-Planas (2011) | Spain | DiD | Positive effects on maternal employment |
Schlosser (2005) | Israel | DiD | Free public preschool increases employment of Arab mothers with children aged three to four by 8.1 percentage points and average weekly hours by 2.8 h |