From: The evolution of educational wage differentials for women and men in Germany, from 1996 to 2019
(a) Women | 2012 | 2014 | 2016 | 2019 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | UAS | U | UAS | U | UAS | U | UAS | U |
Arts | – | 0.42*** | – | 0.35*** | – | 0.31*** | – | 0.36*** |
Law | – | 0.59*** | – | 0.56*** | – | 0.58*** | – | 0.57*** |
Economics | 0.43*** | 0.60*** | 0.41*** | 0.59*** | 0.42*** | 0.61*** | 0.38*** | 0.53*** |
Social Sc | 0.27*** | 0.46*** | 0.34*** | 0.34*** | 0.25*** | 0.32*** | 0.21*** | 0.36*** |
Medicine | – | 0.83*** | – | 0.82*** | – | 0.78*** | – | 0.96*** |
Natural Sc | – | 0.62*** | – | 0.59*** | – | 0.47*** | – | 0.52*** |
Engineering | 0.39*** | 0.48*** | 0.34*** | 0.46*** | 0.32*** | 0.44*** | 0.31*** | 0.53*** |
# obs./R2 | 2,900 | 0.22 | 2,409 | 0.23 | 2,045 | 0.22 | 1,990 | 0.23 |
(b) Men | 2012 | 2014 | 2016 | 2019 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | UAS | U | UAS | U | UAS | U | UAS | U |
Arts | – | 0.24*** | – | 0.33*** | – | 0.19*a | – | 0.26*** |
Law | – | 0.64*** | – | 0.68*** | – | 0.66*** | – | 0.74*** |
Economics | 0.42*** | 0.49*** | 0.35*** | 0.41*** | 0.39*** | 0.42*** | 0.41*** | 0.52*** |
Social Sc | 0.21*** | 0.37*** | 0.07nsa | 0.34*** | 0.28***a | 0.34*** | 0.10 | 0.35*** |
Medicine | – | 0.71*** | – | 0.71*** | – | 0.78*** | – | 0.71***a |
Natural Sc | – | 0.56*** | – | 0.57*** | – | 0.55*** | – | 0.48*** |
Engineering | 0.48*** | 0.54*** | 0.48*** | 0.55*** | 0.46*** | 0.50*** | 0.51*** | 0.58*** |
# obs./R2 | 2,877 | 0.32 | 2,383 | 0.32 | 1,960 | 0.30 | 1,883 | 0.33 |